Introduction – Indian Railway Finance Corporation yaani IRFC ek government-owned company hai jo Indian Railways ke liye paisa arrange karti hai. Simple shabdon mein, IRFC ek NBFC (Non-Banking Financial Company) hai jo railway ke liye funds raise karti hai – jaise ki naye coaches kharidne ke liye, engines, wagons, ya phir railway infrastructure develop karne ke liye.Is company ka main kaam hai Indian Railways ke projects ko finance karna, aur uske badle mein IRFC ko interest milta hai.
✅Incorporation Year: 1986
✅Owner: Government of India (under Ministry of Railways)
✅Listed On: NSE & BSE (2021 IPO ke baad)
✅Sector: PSU (Public Sector Undertaking), Financial Services
✅Business Model – Paisa Kaise Kamati Hai IRFC? IRFC paisa raise karti hai bonds issue karke ya loans leke, phir ye paisa Indian Railways ko deti hai lease ke through.
✅Low cost borrowing – IRFC government ki backing ki wajah se low interest rate par paisa raise kar leti hai.
✅Lease model – Railways ko ye paisa ya assets lease par deti hai.
✅Fixed returns – Company ko har saal ek fixed return milta hai. Iska matlab hai ki IRFC ka business bahut stable hai.
IRFC Shareholding Pattern ka Breakdown (Latest Data ke hisaab se):
Agar hum IRFC ka shareholding pattern dekhein, toh yeh kaafi interesting hai. Yahaan par Promoters kaafi strong position mein hain:
✅ Promoter Holding – 86.36%:
Ye clearly dikhata hai ki IRFC ek government-owned company hai, jahan majority stake Indian Government ke paas hai. Iska matlab hai ki company ka control government ke haath mein hai, jo PSU stocks mein common hota hai.
✅ Public Holding – 10.78%:
Retail investors, HNIs ya general public ke paas lagbhag 10.78% shares hain. Iska matlab hai ki market mein bhi iska kaafi interest bana hua hai.
✅ DII (Domestic Institutional Investors) – 1.24%:
Indian mutual funds ya insurance companies jise LIC bhi ho sakti hai, unhone thoda stake rakha hua hai.
✅ FII (Foreign Institutional Investors) – 1.01%:
Foreign investors bhi thoda stake leke baithe hain, lekin abhi bhi participation limited hai. Agar future mein IRFC ka performance strong raha, toh FII interest badh sakta hai.
✅ Others – 0.61%:
Ye category miscellaneous stakeholders ke liye hoti hai, jaise trusts, NBFCs ya employees ke shares.
✅✅ Upper Circuit: ₹136.50
Stock isse upar ek din mein nahi ja sakta — yeh uska upper limit hai.
✅✅ Lower Circuit: ₹111.70
Yeh stock ka ek din mein girne ka limit hai.
✅✅ Value (Lacs): ₹759.31
Iska matlab hai ki last traded value ₹759.31 lakh ke aaspaas thi.
✅✅ TTM EPS (Earnings Per Share): ₹5.00
Company ne pichhle 12 mahine mein har share par ₹5 ka munafa kamaya hai.
+1.67% YoY matlab pichhle saal ke comparison mein thoda growth hui hai.
✅✅ TTM PE (Price to Earnings): 24.82
Company ka PE ratio 24.82 hai — yaani ki log ₹1 ke earnings ke liye ₹24.82 dene ko ready hain.
✅✅ Sector PE: 12.74
Puri industry ka average PE 12.74 hai, toh yeh stock thoda mehenga trade ho raha hai.
✅✅ P/B (Price to Book): 3.16
Company ka price, uski book value se 3.16 guna hai.
✅✅ Book Value: ₹39.38
Agar company band ho jaye toh per share itna paisa mil sakta hai.
✅✅ Market Cap: ₹1.62 lakh crore
Badi company hai — yeh uski total market value hai.
✅✅ Dividend Yield: 1.21%
Agar aapne yeh stock kharida, toh dividend ke through approx 1.21% ka return milta hai.
✅✅20th day Avg Volume: 28 lakh shares
Pichhle 20 din ka daily average trading volume.
✅✅ 20D Avg Delivery(%): 23.54%
Yeh percentage logon ne delivery ke liye liya, trading ke liye nahi.
✅✅ Face Value: ₹10
Yeh stock ka original value hota hai, mostly accounting purpose ke liye.
✅✅ Beta: 1.36
Yeh stock market se thoda zyada volatile hai. 1 se zyada beta matlab zyada movement.
✅✅ Revenue
IRFC Revenue Growth (2020 se 2024 tak):
✅2020: ₹13,838.46 Crore
✅2021: ₹15,770.47 Crore
✅2022: ₹20,299.26 Crore
✅2023: ₹23,891.83 Crore
✅2024: ₹26,645.36 Crore
Kya Dikh Raha Hai?
IRFC ka revenue har saal consistently badh raha hai.5 saalon mein revenue lagbhag 2x se bhi zyada ho gaya hai, jo ki company ke strong financial performance ko dikhata hai.
Simple Words Me kahen to IRFC har saal zyada paisa kama rahi hai. Iska matlab hai ki company grow kar rahi hai aur yeh investors ke liye ek positive signal ho sakt
IRFC ka Net Profit (2020–2024): Ek Nazar Mein
✅ 2020: ₹3,692.42 crore ka profit hua.
✅ 2021: Profit badh kar ₹4,416.13 crore ho gaya.
✅ 2022: Ek bada jump aaya, aur profit ₹6,089.84 crore tak pahuch gaya.
✅ 2023: Thoda aur growth hui, ₹6,337.01 crore ka profit hua.
✅ 2024: Profit aur improve hua, ₹6,412.10 crore tak pahuch gaya.
Simple Sabdo me kahen to IRFC ka net profit har saal lagatar badhta ja raha hai. 2020 se leke 2024 tak company ne strong growth dikhayi hai. Yeh clearly dikhata hai ki IRFC ek stable aur profitable PSU hai, jo long-term investors ke liye achha option ho sakta hai.
✅✅ IRFC ka SWOT Analysis
1. Strengths (Taqat)
✅Government support: IRFC ek government-backed company hai, jo Indian Railways ke liye funds arrange karti hai. Government ka full support milta hai.
✅✅ Low risk business model: IRFC mainly Indian Railway ko hi loan deta hai, isliye default ka risk bahut kam hota hai.
✅✅ Stable income: Har saal IRFC ko interest income milta hai, jo kaafi stable aur predictable hota hai.
✅✅ Strong credit rating: Achhi credit rating ke wajah se IRFC ko sasta loan milta hai, jo profit badhata hai.
✅✅2. Weaknesses (Kamzoriyan)
Dependent on Indian Railways: IRFC ka pura business model sirf Indian Railways par depend karta hai. Agar railways mein problem hoti hai toh IRFC bhi effect hota hai.
✅✅Limited business diversification: IRFC ka business model bahut zyada diversify nahi hai. Sirf ek sector par focus karta hai.
✅✅nlLow public awareness: IRFC ek important PSU hone ke bawajood public mein iske baare mein zyada awareness nahi hai.
✅✅3. Opportunities (Mauke)
✅ Railway infrastructure growth: Indian government railway modernization mein kaafi invest kar rahi hai. Isse IRFC ke liye loan dene ka scope badhta hai.
✅ Green finance & bonds: IRFC future mein green bonds issue karke naye investors attract kar sakti hai.
✅Global funding options: IRFC apne funding sources ko diversify karke international market se bhi paisa raise kar sakti hai.
✅✅4. Threats (Khatre)
✅ Policy changes: Agar government ne railway finance ka model change kiya toh IRFC ko risk ho sakta hai.
✅✅ Interest rate risk: Market interest rates mein changes IRFC ke margin ko effect kar sakte hain.
✅✅ Political influence: Government company hone ki wajah se IRFC ko political decisions ka impact bhi jhelna pad sakta hai.
IRFC un investors ke liye best hai jo long-term, stable aur low risk PSU stock dhoond rahe hain. Ye ek aisa stock hai jahan growth slow ho sakti hai, lekin dividend aur stability kaafi achhi milti hai.Agar aapka goal hai wealth preservation + thoda dividend income, to IRFC ko apne portfolio mein rakhna ek smart move ho sakta hai.
Yeh IRFC par likhi gayi case study sirf educational aur informational purpose ke liye hai. Isme diye gaye saare facts, analysis aur opinions author ke personal research par based hain. Yeh kisi bhi tarah ka financial advice, stock recommendation ya investment suggestion nahi hai. Readers ko advice diya jata hai ki koi bhi investment decision lene se pehle apne financial advisor se salah zaroor lein. Stock market investment risky ho sakti hai, isliye apna decision soch samajh kar lein. Author aur publisher kisi bhi loss ke liye zimmedar nahi honge.
